Keloids

Keloids are a type of raised scar that forms as a result of excessive collagen production during the healing process after an injury or surgical procedure. Unlike regular scars, keloids extend beyond the boundaries of the original wound and can continue to grow over time. They can be unsightly, cause discomfort, and may impact self-esteem. Understanding keloids involves knowing their causes, characteristics, treatment options, and preventive measures.
Characteristics of Keloids
Appearance: Keloids are raised, thickened areas of scar tissue that are often shiny and firm. They can appear red, pink, or darker than the surrounding skin, and they may have a smooth or uneven texture.
Location: Keloids can develop on any part of the body but are most commonly found on the shoulders, chest, back, earlobes, and neck.
Size: They can vary in size from small to large and often grow larger than the original wound.
Symptoms: Keloids may be itchy, tender, or painful. In some cases, they can cause discomfort or restrict movement if located near a joint.
Causes of Keloids
1. Injury or Trauma: Keloids often develop following surgical procedures, cuts, burns, or other forms of skin injury. Even minor injuries can sometimes trigger keloid formation in predisposed individuals.
2. Genetics: A family history of keloids can increase the likelihood of developing them. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in the formation of keloids.
3. Skin Type: People with darker skin types are more prone to developing keloids compared to those with lighter skin.
Treatment Options for Keloids
1. Topical Treatments:
Silicone Gel Sheets: Applying silicone gel sheets or silicone gel to the keloid can help flatten the scar over time.
Steroid Creams: Topical steroids can reduce inflammation and help soften and flatten the keloid.
2. Injections:
Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections are commonly used to reduce the size and appearance of keloids by decreasing inflammation and collagen production.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Injections: This chemotherapy agent can be used in combination with steroids to treat keloids, especially when they are resistant to steroids alone.